Enhancing Subjective Well-being Through Physical Activity for the Elderly in Korea: A Meta-Analysis Approach

The purpose of the current study was to meta-analytically investigate the psychological impacts of physical activities for the elderly population in Korea. The findings from 21 studies, using the comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) program, indicated that participation in physical activities had a low but meaningful impact on the elderly’s subjective well-being. Of three components of exercise dose, the duration of physical activity was the most influential component, followed by the frequency and intensity of the elderly’s physical activity. Of six subjective well-being measures, self-efficacy was most strongly associated with physical activity, followed by life satisfaction, leisure satisfaction, exercise satisfaction, successful aging, and happiness. Results of moderator analyses indicated that the influence of physical activity was more pronounced as the proportion of males increased. Meanwhile, the influence of physical activity, only duration, was increased as the percentage of participants without a spouse or partner increased. Overall, regular participation in physical activity is one of the effective ways of promoting subjective well-being among older adults in Korea. Relevant guidelines regarding physical activity prescription and behavioral management strategies are discussed.