A multinational study of self-compassion and human immunodeficiency virus-related anxiety
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Authors
ORCID
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0438-2037
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6975-0825
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3687-9817
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9785-6467
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5744-6279
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3551-8016
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4251-6801
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8072-6244
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8710-6139
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8997-3671
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6066-1853
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7538-5780
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9026-4189
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2741-7821
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4400-9432
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1883-8509
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9519-7587
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4277-187X
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4592-3525
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4106-6498
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0438-2037
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6975-0825
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3687-9817
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9785-6467
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5744-6279
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3551-8016
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4251-6801
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8072-6244
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8710-6139
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8997-3671
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6066-1853
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7538-5780
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9026-4189
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2741-7821
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4400-9432
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1883-8509
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9519-7587
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4277-187X
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4592-3525
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Journal ISSN
Volume Title
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Abstract
Aim This study represents an initial effort at examining the association between the construct of self-compassion and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related anxiety in a multinational population with HIV disease.
Background Previous studies have found that self-compassion is a powerful predictor of mental health, demonstrating positive and consistent linkages with various measures of affect, psychopathology and well-being, including anxiety.
Methods Cross-sectional data from a multinational study conducted by the members of the International Nursing Network for HIV Research (n = 1986) were used. The diverse sample included participants from Canada, China, Namibia, the United States of America and the territory of Puerto Rico. Study measures included the anxiety subscale of the Symptom Checklist-90 instrument, the Brief Version Self-Compassion Inventory and a single item on anxiety from the Revised Sign and Symptom Checklist.
Findings Study findings show that anxiety was significantly and inversely related to self-compassion across participants in all countries. We examined gender differences in self-compassion and anxiety, controlling for country. Levels of anxiety remained significantly and inversely related to self-compassion for both males (P = 0.000) and females (P = 0.000). Levels of self-compassion and anxiety varied across countries.
Conclusions Self-compassion is a robust construct with cross-cultural relevance. A culturally based brief treatment approach aimed at increasing self-compassion may lend itself to the development of a cost effective adjunct treatment in HIV disease, including the management of anxiety symptoms.